Medical term:
agranulocytosis
agranulocytosis
[a-gran″u-lo-si-to´sis]an acute disease in which there is a dramatic decrease in the production of granulocytes, so that a pronounced neutropenia evolves, leaving the body defenseless against bacterial invasion. A great majority of cases are caused by sensitization to drugs or chemicals that affect the bone marrow and depress the formation of granulocytes. Called also malignant or pernicious leukopenia and idiopathic or malignant neutropenia.
Symptoms. The first manifestations are usually produced by a severe infection and include high fever, chills, prostration, and ulcerations of mucous membranes such as in the mouth, rectum, or vagina. Laboratory tests reveal a profound leukopenia (low leukocyte count).
Treatment. Treatment is aimed at immediate withdrawal of the drug or chemical causing the disorder, and control of infection. In most cases control can be achieved by the administration of antibiotics. If the bone marrow is not irreparably damaged, the prognosis is good with proper treatment, and the patient will recover as the production of granulocytes resumes. Occasionally the leukocyte-producing tissues are damaged beyond repair and death ensues.
infantile genetic agranulocytosis a severe congenital condition of virtual absence of neutrophils from the blood; most patients die of infection before reaching adulthood. Called also congenital neutropenia and Kostmann's syndrome or neutropenia.
Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
a·gran·u·lo·cy·to·sis
(ă-gran'yū-lō-sī-tō'sis),An acute potentially lethal condition characterized by pronounced leukopenia with great reduction in the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (frequently to fewer than 500 granulocytes/mm3); infected ulcers are likely to develop in the throat, intestinal tract, and other mucous membranes, as well as in the skin.
Synonym(s): agranulocytic angina, angina lymphomatosa, neutropenic angina
Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012
agranulocytosis
(ā-grăn′yə-lō-sī-tō′sĭs)n.
An acute condition characterized by a marked decrease in circulating granulocytes, especially neutrophils, and often leading to infection. It is usually drug-induced or caused by exposure to radiation or toxic chemicals.
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007, 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Agranulocytosis
A marked decrease in neutrophils < 500/mm3; it is loosely equivalent to neutropaenia in the working parlance.Artiology Acquired due to prescription drugs—chloramphenicol, clozapine, nitrous oxide, procainamide, sulfonamides, thiazide diuretics.
Clinical findings Fever, malaise, mucocutaneous ulcers (throat, GI tract, skin).
Segen's Medical Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All rights reserved.
agranulocytosis
Granulocytopenia, granulopenia Hematology A marked ↓ in PMNs < 500/mm3 Clinical Fever, malaise, mucocutaneous ulcers–throat, GI tract, skin Etiology Acquired due to adverse response to prescription drugs–chloramphenicol, clozapine, nitrous oxide, procainamide, sulfonamides, thiazide diuretics. See Infantile genetic agranulocytosis.McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
a·gran·u·lo·cy·to·sis
(ā'gran'yŭ-lō-sī-tō'sis)An acute condition characterized by pronounced leukopenia; infected ulcers are likely to develop in the throat, intestinal tract, and other mucous membranes, as well as in the skin. Condition is an immunocompromised state.
Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012
agranulocytosis
A condition in which the white cells of the blood are not being produced in adequate quantity by the bone marrow. This is most commonly caused as a toxic side effect on the bone marrow of various drugs such as the sulphonamides, the thiouracil derivatives, PENICILLIN, CHLORPROMAZINE, CHLORPROPAMIDE, PHENINDIONE,AMIDOPYRINE and CHLOROTHIAZIDE. Because of the deficiency or absence of protective white cells, there is severe sore throat, fever, TOXAEMIA and sometimes SEPTICAEMIA. The condition may be fatal.Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M. Youngson 2004, 2005
Agranulocytosis
An acute condition marked by severe depression of the bone marrow, which produces white blood cells, and by prostration, chills, swollen neck, and sore throat sometimes with local ulceration. Aalso called agranulocytic angina or granulocytopenia.
Mentioned in: Antipsychotic Drugs, Central Nervous System Stimulants
Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
a·gran·u·lo·cy·to·sis
(ā'gran'yŭ-lō-sī-tō'sis)An acute potentially lethal condition characterized by pronounced leukopenia with great reduction in the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes; infected ulcers are likely to develop in the throat, intestinal tract, and other mucous membranes, as well as in the skin; increases patients' risk of infection.
Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012
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