corticosteroid

any of the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex; also, their synthetic equivalents. Called also adrenocortical hormone and adrenocorticoid. All the hormones are steroids having similar chemical structures, but quite different physiologic effects. Generally they are divided into glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone, and also corticosterone) and androgens.

Patients who must take exogenous adrenal corticosteroids to supplement a deficit in endogenous cortisol or as a treatment for metastatic breast cancer should be thoroughly instructed in self-medication. Their needs are somewhat similar to those of the insulin-dependent diabetic patient. They should know the prescribed dosage and basic therapeutic action of the oral corticosteroid preparation they are taking and should be aware of the importance of taking the medication at the same time every day. The medication should never be discontinued abruptly for any reason. It is advisable that the patient carry an extra prescription when traveling, in case the supply is used up before returning home. These patients also need to wear some form of medical identification so that all health care professionals with whom they come in contact will know that they are receiving hormones of this kind. This includes dentists, oral surgeons, emergency department personnel, and others who might not be familiar with the patient's medical history.